ูŠุนุฏ ุฃู…ุฑ ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ Linux ุฃุฏุงุฉ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ู†ุธุงู… ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ



ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุธุงู…. ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุชู‚ูŠูŠุฏ ู†ูุณูƒ ุจูˆุธุงุฆู ุงู„ุจุญุซ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒู‡ุง ุฃูŠ ู…ุฏูŠุฑ ู…ู„ูุงุช ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุชู‡ุง ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ.



find โ€“ , , :



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:



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find Linux .



find:



$ find directory-to-search criteria action


:



  • directory-to-search ( ) โ€“ , find , . , ;
  • criteria () โ€“ , ;
  • action () โ€“ , .




s.txt :



$ find . -name "s.txt"
./s.txt


:



  • . () โ€“
  • -name โ€“ . .


-name S.txt . โ€“iname.



$ find . -iname "s.txt"
./s.txt
./S.txt


c .png *.png:



$ find . -name "*.png"
./babutafb.png
./babutafacebook.png
./Moodle2.png
./moodle.png
./moodle/moodle1.png
./genxfacebook.png


. , find png home:



$ find /home -name "*.png"
find: `/home/babuta/.ssh': Permission denied
/home/vagrant/Moodle2.png
/home/vagrant/moodle.png
/home/tisha/hello.png
find: `/home/tisha/testfiles': Permission denied
find: `/home/tisha/data': Permission denied
/home/tisha/water.png
find: `/home/tisha/.cache': Permission denied


, โ€“ 2> /dev/null. dev/null, .



find /home -name "*.jpg" 2>/dev/null
/home/vagrant/Moodle2.jpg
/home/vagrant/moodle.jpg
/home/tisha/hello.jpg
/home/tisha/water.jpg




-type , :



  • f โ€“ ;
  • d โ€“ ;
  • l โ€“ ;
  • b โ€“ (dev);
  • c โ€“ (dev);
  • p โ€“ ;
  • s โ€“ ;


, -type d :



$ find . -type d
.
./.ssh
./.cache
./moodle




, . -size.



  • "+" โ€”
  • "-" โ€”
  • , .


1 (+1G).



$ find . -size +1G
./Microsoft_Office_16.29.19090802_Installer.pkg
./android-studio-ide-183.5692245-mac.dmg


:



  • c โ€”
  • k โ€”
  • M โ€”
  • G โ€”




-empty .



$ find . -empty
./.cloud-locale-test.skip
./datafiles
./b.txt
...
./.cache/motd.legal-displayed




-cmin . , ( 60 ), -60:



$ find . -cmin -60
.
./a.txt
./datafiles


, ( 60 ).



, +60.



$ find . -cmin +60




-atime .



$ find . -atime +180


, (180 ).





โ€“user username , :



$ find /home -user tisha 2>/dev/null


tisha home, 2>/dev/null .





-perm โ€“ .



$ find /home -perm 777


777.





:



  • -and
  • -or
  • -not


, 1 tisha :



$ find /home  -user tisha  -and  -size +1G  2>/dev/null


tisha, pokeristo, 1 .



$ find /home \( -user pokeristo -or -user tisha \)  -and  -size +1G  2>/dev/null


"\".





find , .



  • -delete โ€”
  • -ls โ€” :

    • .
    • inode.
  • -print , . .
  • -exec .


-delete



, , :



$ find . -empty -delete


. -print.



-exec:



.



-exec command {} \;


:



  • command โ€“ , . :

    • rm
    • mv
    • cp
  • {} โ€“ .
  • \; โ€” .


โ€“exec โ€“delete :



$ find . -empty -exec rm {} \;


-exec:



$ find . -name "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /backups/fotos \;


.jpg backups/fotos





find :



  • .
  • .
  • .
  • ( ).
  • .
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  • .
  • .


, :



  • .
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  • .


find , โ€“ .



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